Today in Dushanbe a meeting of the Council of Heads of the States Ceads of the International Salvation Fund Aral.
will be held.
Aral Sea – a former uninterrupted salty lake on the border of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
The Aral Sea began to dry in the 1960s after the rivers that had eaten it were assigned as a result of irrigation projects implemented in the former SSR.
Over the past 50 years, the Aral Sea Square has declined by almost 3 times, the water level decreased by 29 meters, the volume of water has decreased by 15 times, the salinity also increased, the fish disappeared.
By 1960, the Aral Sea Square was 68.9 thousand km ² with a water volume of 1083 km, its length was 426 km, width – 284 km, the greatest depth was 68 m
In recent years, the area of the Aral surface has decreased to 8 thousand square meters. km, water volume – up to 75 cubic meters. km, and depth is up to 20 meters.
In the late 1980s. The water level fell so much that the whole sea was divided into two parts: the North Small Aral and the South Big Aral.
Before the start of the shallowing, the Aral Sea was the fourth largest lake in the world.
The dry bottom of the sea, which by 2020 retreated by 170 km, is the youngest salt desert Aralkum.
The evaporation of the Aral Sea is one of the worst environmental disasters in Central Asia.
The environmental problems of the Aral Sea affect the territory with a population of 2 million people. They caused the spread of various diseases and an increase in child mortality.
The Aral Sea region was considered a region with a wide variety of flora and fauna. However, the tragedy of the Aral Sea led to the migration of most wild animals from the region, many plants disappeared.
In 1993, in order to eliminate the environmental crisis and improve the socio-economic situation in the Aral Sea basin, the heads of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan have established the International Aral Salvation Fund.